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The Robot's Rebellion: Finding Meaning in the Age of Darwin
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- Published on: 1656
- Binding: Paperback
Most helpful customer reviews
4 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
Living in the world of replicators
By M. Harris
The Robot's Rebellion is about the effects of replicators and evolution, specifically genes and memes. As a result of the genes there is the "vehicle" (the individual) built by the replicators with a two sided inter-influential mind, the automatic unconscious side and the conscious analytic side. The automatic side has goals that aren't always in line with the vehicles, like a bee giving up its life by stinging. The conscious side can use tools to override or alter the automatic side. The memes' (an idea held by more than one person) effect is culture. Ideas can spread just for the fact that they are good at spreading. Therefore a spreading idea doesn't have to be helpful to us but just needs to have properties that make it good at spreading.
Therefore the goal is working on becoming properly rational, understanding the tendencies and effects of genes and memes and critiquing them as well as our values and desires with the tools we have, though those tools (e.g. logic) are also memes and are subject to critique as well. There are also cultural products that make it difficult to act out accordingly, an example Stanovich gives is our market system. Also cultural products become so infused with our way of thinking that they create thinking boxes (paradigms) and thus we rarely think outside of them.
some strengths
○ a subject index
○ a hearty appendix of notes
○ nice thought experiments
○ immensely referenced
○ interesting parallels with Buddhist thought.
some weaknesses
○ a little cluttered
○ Stanovich's thinking might also be boxed by his approach of helping us to satisfy desires better vs. not even playing the game of desire satisfaction and dropping them.
Would be nicer if it was more practically organized or contain a practical summary chapter, listing the genetic and memetic traps and tools for deliverance from the restrictive clutches of the mighty replicators.
7 of 9 people found the following review helpful.
Your Genes (and Memes) Don't Have to be Your Future
By D. P. Lentini
Robot's Rebellion is an excellent book. I'll spare the details, as the other reviewers have written very complete summaries of the text. But Stanovich's thesis, that humans are uniquely adapted to take greater control over their lives if they will learn how to use their higher cognitive abilities, resonated very strongly with me. We can do much to have happy, fulfilling lives if will start to assess our actions and our biological limitaitions critically. Stanovich weaves a very convincing argument that we make our lives better by overriding our genetically and "memetically" programmed intellectual reflexes. But we need to start using logic and accept the hard realities behind much of our mental processes.
I hope Stanovich continues to write on this subject. I would like to see more discussion of how we fall into traps and how we can develop a program to build more meaningful lives.
I found much of Stanovich's thesis to be very consistent with Erich Fromm's works: Escape From Freedom, The Sane Soceity, and Man for Himself. Although written long before the biophysical studies underlying Stanovich's work, Fromm very intuitively undestood the challenges that we face in modern, market-oriented society. I think Fromm's works are a great booken to Stanovich.
38 of 44 people found the following review helpful.
A scientific and Creative Analysis of Human Potentials
By Herbert Gintis
Keith Stanovich is an accomplished behavioral scientist (psychologist) who applies all his scientific knowledge to answer a single question. We humans are the genetic product of hundreds of thousands of years of evolution, during most of which we lived as menial hunter-gatherers with a 35 year life expectancy. Given this genetic heritage, Stanovich asks, is there any way we can free ourselves from being the captives of our genetic pre-history?
The setting for this analysis is Richard Dawkins' argument in The Selfish Gene that we humans are "giant lumbering robots" who serve only as transient containers for our genes, who are the truly eternal replicators.
Stanovich makes the following arguments. First, there are two decision processes in the human brain. The first is the Autonomous Set of Systems (TASS) which we share with nonhuman animals, is a complete product of our evolutionary history, and only very imperfectly serves our contemporary interests. For instance, the TASS may tell us to overeat, have unsafe sex, or enjoy other forms of immediate gratification. However, there is a second decision center, which Stanovich calls 'analytical' that can override the TASS. This sounds like Freud's Id and Ego, which is one of Freud's unsullied contributions to human understanding. There is much evidence in favor of the TASS/analytical distinction.
Stanovich is to be praised for NEVER descending into the philosopher's morass, in which the question would be posed as one of 'free will.' I do not know if there is free will, but I do know the scientific evidence on which Stanovich's case is built.
The author's second thesis is that the same sociobiology that gave us selfish genes also seriously downgrades the importance of CULTURE in understanding human evolution and dynamics. Boy, is this ever true! His case is built up meticulously from a good knowledge of the contemporary research literature in the area, and is quite persuasive.
Stanovich's point is that the analytic brain can alter culture so as to overcome the biases of the TASS system, allowing humans to realize truly human and emancipatory goals. For instance, even though we all make elementary error in statistical decision-making (the brilliant work of Kahneman, Tversky, et al. shows this), experts can avoid the errors and can instruct others to do so as well.
But now comes Stanovich's third point: we cannot necessarily control culture so that it becomes an instrument of emancipation. According to memetic theory, we are as controlled by our memes (little nodules of culture) as we are by are genes. Stanovich does not manage to solve this problem, and suggests that we all be critically aware of the possibility that we adopt cultural practices that serve only to harm and constrain us. His list of rules for evaluation memes is quite useful and plausible.
I think the answer to Stanovich's problem is that the whole notion of memetics is rubbish. His defense of the notion in the book is uncharacteristically weak, to the point of being pathetic. For instance, he asserts that memetics itself is a meme complex, so if many people accept memetics and memetics is wrong, the memetics must be right! In fact, memetics posits behavior with no evolutionary justification. This is: we accept memes because they force themselves upon us. But, a creature who behaved in this way would be evolutionarily eclipsed by another who did not succumb.
The correct treatment of culture is that it is an epigenetic form of information transfer, and humans evolved to use it to enhance their fitness. The fact that sometimes we adopt harmful memes no more contradicts this than the fact that there are deleterious genetic mutation refutes Darwinism. This analysis is well developed in the research area of gene-culture coevolution, which I urge Stanovich to become (more) familiar with. It will open up vistas for him in pursuing his emancipatory project.
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